Cupcakes, which are also known as fairy cakes, are small cakes intended to serve one person, and which are therefore usually cooked in something that will just be big enough for that.
The cake dates back to at least the late 18th century. In the 19th century, there were cupcakes and cup cakes. The former were usually baked in cups, although now individual muffin tins and the like are available, and the latter were where the ingredients were measured in cups (the now-standard US practice) instead of being weighed.
Cupcakes are similar to normal cakes (at least layer cakes, anyway, which are the most suitable recipes) in all respects but one - they are smaller. A chocolate cupcake will typically have chocolate (often as cocoa powder) added to the cake mix, giving them a distinctive chocolate colouration. They may also be topped or frosted with more chocolate, in the form of icing or a glaze.
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