The first machine for making espresso, which is a type of coffee, was patented in 1884 in Turin in Italy. This machine made the coffee in bulk, rather than individually.
To make espresso, water that is just short of boiling is forced through finely ground coffee beans. The drink that results from this process tends to be thicker than other coffees and have a higher proportion of solids, as well as being stronger flavoured and having a foam on the top.
Although espresso can be drunk as it is, it is also used as a base in many other coffee drinks, including lattes and cappuccinos, but there are others. Such a drink will often have "shots" of espresso in them, with each shot being an individual serving.
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