The sandwich is considered to be named after John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich (Sandwich is a town in Kent in the UK). The concept of the sandwich is surprisingly modern, dating back to only the 18th century in Western Europe, although the idea of using bread with food does predate that by some time and is found in many cultures, wraps being one of the most common.
In general, the sandwich is a type of portable food dish in which one or more ingredients are placed between two or more slices of bread. It is a popular food for lunches, especially of the packed variety, but there are variants served as finger and party food. A court in the US defined a sandwich as using at least two slices of bread, rather than anything else that might be stuffed.
There are variants; the sandwich can be understood to only mean an item made with sliced bread, but it can also include such as submarine sandwiches, or subs, or anything else in a bread roll of any type. There are also what are referred to as "open" sandwiches, which have only one slice topped with ingredients. In these, it is more common to use a roll or a bap, rather than bread.
Sandwiches can have a whole host of different ingredients; there is no real limit to what can be put in them. The cheapest form of sandwich is a bread sandwich - that is, a slice of bread between two slices of bread! This recipe can be found in Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management (although I think she used toast).
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