This salad is not named after Julius Caesar or later rulers of the Roman Empire, but is actually named after an Italian immigrant to the United States, Caesar Cardini. So it is named after a Caesar, just not the most famous one. Cardini ran a number of restaurants in the US and Mexico, and the salad was created in the 1920s and is attributed to him, although other members of his staff have claimed to have created it.
The most basic variety of the salad is made from croutons, parmesan cheese (also called Parmigiano-Reggiano, a name that is becoming more common), egg, olive oil, Worcestershire sauce, garlic, black pepper and a sturdy variety of lettuce known as romaine or cos.
Building from the basic Caesar salad recipe, other ingredients may also be added. One of the most common is chicken, but other meats may also be added, as can shellfish and fish.
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